Hebrew
bīrā - citadel, acropolis
(HALOT 123)
< Akk. bīrtu ‘citadel, castle (as part of a city); fort’ (Kaufman 1974, 44, Mankowski 2000, 46f.)
Hebrew
daˁat - sweat
(HALOT 229)
The specific reflexes of *ḏ in Hbr. (regular z and irregular d) are noteworthy. An alternative Arb. parallel fits both phonetically and semantically: zuγγ- ‘odeur fétide des
aisselle, surtout chez nègres’ [BK 1 993]. If compared to all Sem. forms with z , it can yield a protoform *zu/iγ(γ)- ‘sweat’. In this case, Hbr. and Eth. forms with z are to be related to the Sem. latter root and to *zu/iγ(γ)- (the Hbr. forms in d still would have to be recognized as continuing Sem. forms in *d- or as early borrowings from Arm.)